Are Roof Rats Legal in New York City? Keeping, Breeding & Selling

4 min read · Last saved

Roof Rat LawsNew York › New York City

Summary. Good news if you live in New York City: we checked, and a pet rat is allowed. NYC’s famously strict Health Code (Article 161, Section 161.01) bans a long list of wild animals, including ‘all large rodents’ such as gopher, muskrat, beaver, prairie dog, and capybara, plus squirrels and bats. But that list targets large and wild rodents, not small domesticated ones. A pet rat (like the common fancy rat that New Yorkers already keep) is a small domesticated rodent and is not on the prohibited list. A pet roof rat is allowed, the same as New York State. Selling rats commercially at retail needs a DOHMH Class P pet-shop permit; keeping one, or placing or giving one away privately, needs no permit.

Not confirmed by the regulator. This page is based on our own desk research; the sources we used are listed below. Last reviewed 2026-06-20.
legal note This is a research aid, not legal advice; rules change and are interpreted by local officials. Verify with the official source before acting.
National law also applies. These are the New York City-specific rules; New York’s national rules (for example, breeder/dealer licensing and import/export) apply on top of them. See New York.

Status by activity

Keeping / owning   Legal

Confidence: High · Last verified 2026-06-20

NYC Health Code Section 161.01 (‘Wild and other animals prohibited’) lists prohibited species including, at item (14), ‘all large rodents (Rodentia), including, but not limited to, gopher, muskrat, nutria, paca, woodchuck, marmot, beaver, prairie dog, capybara, sewellel, viscacha, porcupine and hutia,’ plus all squirrels and all bats. Small domesticated rodents (the common pet rat, mouse, hamster, gerbil, guinea pig) are not on that list and are kept as pets throughout the city. A domesticated roof rat is a small rodent, not a ‘large rodent’ or wild animal, so it is not prohibited. Not stricter than New York State.

Sources: New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

Breeding   Legal

Confidence: High · Last verified 2026-06-20

No local rodent-breeding restriction; the state’s permissive rule applies.

Sources: New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

Selling or giving away   Legal with a permit

Confidence: High · Last verified 2026-07-02

In New York City, commercial retail sale of rats requires a Class P ‘Pet Shop’ permit from DOHMH (NYC Health Code §161.09; ch. 5), the same permit documented on the parent New York page. Rats remain sellable in NYC even after Local Law 132 (2024) banned the retail sale of dogs, cats, guinea pigs, and rabbits. Private, face-to-face placement and giveaways need no permit.

Sources: New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

Transport & import   Legal

Confidence: High · Last verified 2026-06-20

No local transport restriction on a pet rat; the state’s rule applies.

Sources: New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

Restrictions & responsibilities

In New York City, a commercial retail seller of rats needs a Class P ‘Pet Shop’ permit from DOHMH (facility inspections; integrated pest management). Rats remain legally sellable in NYC even after Local Law 132 (2024) banned the retail sale of dogs, cats, guinea pigs, and rabbits. Private/face-to-face placement and giveaways need no permit.
  • If running an NYC retail storefront, obtain a DOHMH Class P pet-shop permit

Forms: NYC Health Code Ch. 5, Pet Shops · Where: NYC DOHMH · Fees: Municipal pet-shop permit fee

Source: New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

Thinking about keeping or breeding roof rats? Start with the care & husbandry guide, try the interactive games, or get in touch about joining as a colony keeper.

Official sources

Search terms: Rattus rattus, roof rat, pet, exotic animal, rodent.

About this page
Last reviewed 2026-06-20, which is when a person last read this page against its sources. Spotted an error, or know the law has changed? Email blonderoofrat@gmail.com. And if you write to the agency yourself and get an answer in writing, please forward it. Written agency replies are how 31 of these pages stopped being research and became confirmed.